This is to allow regular devices such as Alice’s mobile phone, internet routers and laptops to join the Tangle network. IOTA uses Hashcash as the proof-of-work algorithm but at a much lower difficulty. When Alice sends 5 IOTAs to Bob on her mobile phone, her phone performs a proof-of-work calculation in-order to validate two previous transactions. Instead, every user that transacts on the Tangle network, is a miner. On the Tangle network, there are no miners in the same sense that you have Bitcoin miners. The process in which transactions are validated on the Tangle network also differ to the methods employed on a blockchain-based network. The rule is, a new transaction that occurs on the network must validate at least two previous transactions before it itself can become validated. These edges serve as a representation of validated transactions on the Tangle network. These transactions are connected via, what are called, edges. The Tangle uses a ledger for storing transactions, or sites, in the Tangle protocol. The Direct Acyclic Graph or, DAG, employed by the Tangle differs from the blockchain in a few key ways. In the same way Bitcoin and Ethereum utilise blockchain technology to function, IOTA uses the Tangle. IOTA does this through the use of its new and innovative protocol known as the Tangle. IOTA is an open-source distributed ledger that aims to usher in the age of the machine economy, by serving as the foundation to the growing technology known as the Internet-of-Things (IoT).
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